Mach number compares an aircraft’s true speed with the local speed of sound and helps explain transonic, supersonic, and hypersonic flight.
Aerodynamics & Flight Physics
Aspect ratio compares wingspan with wing area and helps explain why gliders have long narrow wings while fighter jets use shorter wings.
Aerodynamic drag is the rearward force that opposes aircraft motion through the air and affects speed, fuel burn, and performance.
Aircraft lift is the aerodynamic force that supports flight by acting mostly upward and helping an aircraft overcome its weight.
Bernoulli's Principle explains how faster-moving airflow has lower static pressure, helping describe pressure differences around aircraft wings.
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